Fosfor
15
P
Guruh
15
Davr
3
Blok
p
Protonlar
Elektronlar
Neytronlar
15
15
16
Umumiy xususiyatlar
Atom raqami
15
Atom massasi
30,973762
Mass raqami
31
Turkum
Qolgan metallmaslar
Ranggi
Rangsiz
Radioaktivlik
Yoʻq
From the Greek phosphoros, light bearing; ancient name for the planet Venus when appearing before sunrise
Kristall tuzilma
Oddiy triklinik
Tarix
Hennig Brand discovered phosphorus in 1669, in Hamburg, Germany, preparing it from urine.
In 1769, Johan Gottlieb Gahn and Carl Wilhelm Scheele showed that calcium phosphate is found in bones, and they obtained elemental phosphorus from bone ash.
Antoine Lavoisier recognized phosphorus as an element in 1777.
In 1769, Johan Gottlieb Gahn and Carl Wilhelm Scheele showed that calcium phosphate is found in bones, and they obtained elemental phosphorus from bone ash.
Antoine Lavoisier recognized phosphorus as an element in 1777.
Qobiqdagi elektronlar soni
2, 8, 5
Elektron konfiguratsiyasi
[Ne] 3s2 3p3
Elemental phosphorus exists in two major forms - white phosphorus and red phosphorus
Jismoniy xususiyatlar
Faza
Qattiq modda
Zichlik
1,82 g/cm3
Erish harorati
317,25 K | 44,1 °C | 111,38 °F
Qaynash harorati
553 K | 279,85 °C | 535,73 °F
Eritish issiqligi
0,64 kJ/mol
Bugʻlanish issiqligi
12,4 kJ/mol
Solishtirma issiqlik sigʻimi
0,769 J/g·K
Yer po‘stidagi miqdori
0,099%
Olamdagi miqdori
0,0007%
CAS raqami
7723-14-0
PubChem CID raqami
5462309
Atom xususiyatlari
Atom radiusi
98 pm
Kovalentlik radiusi
107 pm
Elektrmanfiylik
2,19 (Poling boʻyicha)
Ionlashish potensiali
10,4867 eV
Molyar hajm
17,0 cm3/mol
Issiqlik oʻtkazuvchanlik
0,00235 W/cm·K
Oksidlanish darajasi
-3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Qo‘llanilish sohalari
Many fertilisers contain a high proportion of phosphorus and are manufactured from concentrated phosphoric acids.
Phosphorus is used in the manufacture of safety matches, pyrotechnics and incendiary shells.
Phosphorus is also used in steel manufacture and in the production of phosphor bronze.
Phosphorus is used in the manufacture of safety matches, pyrotechnics and incendiary shells.
Phosphorus is also used in steel manufacture and in the production of phosphor bronze.
White phosphorus is highly toxic while red phosphorus is considered non-toxic
Izotoplar
Barqaror izotoplar
31PBeqaror izotoplar
24P, 25P, 26P, 27P, 28P, 29P, 30P, 32P, 33P, 34P, 35P, 36P, 37P, 38P, 39P, 40P, 41P, 42P, 43P, 44P, 45P, 46P