Fosfor
15
P
Guruh
15
Davr
3
Block
p
Protonlar
Elektronlar
Neytronlar
15
15
16
General Properties
Atom raqami
15
Atom massasi
30,973762
Mass Number
31
Turkum
Qolgan metallmaslar
Ranggi
Rangsiz
Radioaktivlik
Yoʻq
From the Greek phosphoros, light bearing; ancient name for the planet Venus when appearing before sunrise
Crystal Structure
Simple Triclinic
Tarix
Hennig Brand discovered phosphorus in 1669, in Hamburg, Germany, preparing it from urine.
In 1769, Johan Gottlieb Gahn and Carl Wilhelm Scheele showed that calcium phosphate is found in bones, and they obtained elemental phosphorus from bone ash.
Antoine Lavoisier recognized phosphorus as an element in 1777.
In 1769, Johan Gottlieb Gahn and Carl Wilhelm Scheele showed that calcium phosphate is found in bones, and they obtained elemental phosphorus from bone ash.
Antoine Lavoisier recognized phosphorus as an element in 1777.
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 5
Elektron konfiguratsiyasi
[Ne] 3s2 3p3
Elemental phosphorus exists in two major forms - white phosphorus and red phosphorus
Physical Properties
Phase
Qattiq modda
Zichlik
1,82 g/cm3
Erish harorati
317,25 K | 44,1 °C | 111,38 °F
Qaynash harorati
553 K | 279,85 °C | 535,73 °F
Heat of Fusion
0,64 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization
12,4 kJ/mol
Solishtirma issiqlik sigʻimi
0,769 J/g·K
Abundance in Earth's crust
0,099%
Abundance in Universe
0,0007%
CAS Number
7723-14-0
PubChem CID Number
5462309
Atomic Properties
Atom radiusi
98 pm
Kovalentlik radiusi
107 pm
Elektrmanfiylik
2,19 (Poling boʻyicha)
Ionization Potential
10,4867 eV
Molyar hajm
17,0 cm3/mol
Issiqlik oʻtkazuvchanlik
0,00235 W/cm·K
Oksidlanish darajasi
-3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Applications
Many fertilisers contain a high proportion of phosphorus and are manufactured from concentrated phosphoric acids.
Phosphorus is used in the manufacture of safety matches, pyrotechnics and incendiary shells.
Phosphorus is also used in steel manufacture and in the production of phosphor bronze.
Phosphorus is used in the manufacture of safety matches, pyrotechnics and incendiary shells.
Phosphorus is also used in steel manufacture and in the production of phosphor bronze.
White phosphorus is highly toxic while red phosphorus is considered non-toxic
Izotoplar
Barqaror izotoplar
31PBeqaror izotoplar
24P, 25P, 26P, 27P, 28P, 29P, 30P, 32P, 33P, 34P, 35P, 36P, 37P, 38P, 39P, 40P, 41P, 42P, 43P, 44P, 45P, 46P