Alyuminiy
13
Al
Guruh
13
Davr
3
Block
p
Protonlar
Elektronlar
Neytronlar
13
13
14
General Properties
Atom raqami
13
Atom massasi
26,9815386
Mass Number
27
Turkum
Yengil metallar
Ranggi
Silver
Radioaktivlik
Yoʻq
From the Latin word alumen, alum
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic
Tarix
In 1761, Guyton de Morveau proposed the name alumine for the base in alum, and Antoine Lavoisier, in 1787, thought this to be the oxide of a still undiscovered metal.
Sir Humphry Davy identified the existence of a metal base of alum in 1808.
Hans Christian Ørsted was the first to isolate metallic aluminum in 1825 in impure form.
Friedrich Wöhler is generally credited with having isolated the metal in 1827.
Sir Humphry Davy identified the existence of a metal base of alum in 1808.
Hans Christian Ørsted was the first to isolate metallic aluminum in 1825 in impure form.
Friedrich Wöhler is generally credited with having isolated the metal in 1827.
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 3
Elektron konfiguratsiyasi
[Ne] 3s2 3p1
Aluminum does not stick to magnets under normal conditions
Physical Properties
Phase
Qattiq modda
Zichlik
2,698 g/cm3
Erish harorati
933,47 K | 660,32 °C | 1220,58 °F
Qaynash harorati
2792,15 K | 2519 °C | 4566,2 °F
Heat of Fusion
10,7 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization
293 kJ/mol
Solishtirma issiqlik sigʻimi
0,897 J/g·K
Abundance in Earth's crust
8,1%
Abundance in Universe
0,005%
CAS Number
7429-90-5
PubChem CID Number
5359268
Atomic Properties
Atom radiusi
143 pm
Kovalentlik radiusi
121 pm
Elektrmanfiylik
1,61 (Poling boʻyicha)
Ionization Potential
5,9858 eV
Molyar hajm
9,98 cm3/mol
Issiqlik oʻtkazuvchanlik
2,37 W/cm·K
Oksidlanish darajasi
1, 3
Applications
Aluminum is used in an extensive range of products from drinks cans to window frames and boats to aircraft.
It is used in electrical transmission lines.
It is also used for kitchen utensils, outside building decoration, and in thousands of industrial applications.
When alloyed with small amounts of copper, magnesium, silicon, manganese, or other elements impart a variety of useful properties.
It is used in electrical transmission lines.
It is also used for kitchen utensils, outside building decoration, and in thousands of industrial applications.
When alloyed with small amounts of copper, magnesium, silicon, manganese, or other elements impart a variety of useful properties.
Aluminum is not known to be toxic
Izotoplar
Barqaror izotoplar
27AlBeqaror izotoplar
21Al, 22Al, 23Al, 24Al, 25Al, 26Al, 28Al, 29Al, 30Al, 31Al, 32Al, 33Al, 34Al, 35Al, 36Al, 37Al, 38Al, 39Al, 40Al, 41Al, 42Al