Kaliforniy
98
Cf
Guruh
Nomaʼlum
Davr
7
Block
f
Protonlar
Elektronlar
Neytronlar
98
98
153
General Properties
Atom raqami
98
Atom massasi
[251]
Mass Number
251
Turkum
Aktinoidlar
Ranggi
Nomaʼlum
Radioaktivlik
Ha
Named after California and the University of California
Crystal Structure
Simple Hexagonal
Tarix
Californium was discovered by Stanley G. Thompson, Kenneth Street, Jr., Albert Ghiorso and Glenn T. Seaborg in 1950 at the University of California, Berkeley.
It was produced by the bombardment of curium with alpha particles.
Californium was isolated in macro quantities for the first time by Burris Cunningham and Stanley Thompson in 1958.
It was produced by the bombardment of curium with alpha particles.
Californium was isolated in macro quantities for the first time by Burris Cunningham and Stanley Thompson in 1958.
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 18, 32, 28, 8, 2
Elektron konfiguratsiyasi
[Rn] 5f10 7s2
Californium is produced in nuclear reactors and particle accelerators
Physical Properties
Phase
Qattiq modda
Zichlik
15,1 g/cm3
Erish harorati
1173,15 K | 900 °C | 1652 °F
Qaynash harorati
-
Heat of Fusion
Nomaʼlum
Heat of Vaporization
Nomaʼlum
Solishtirma issiqlik sigʻimi
-
Abundance in Earth's crust
Nomaʼlum
Abundance in Universe
Nomaʼlum
CAS Number
7440-71-3
PubChem CID Number
Nomaʼlum
Atomic Properties
Atom radiusi
-
Kovalentlik radiusi
-
Elektrmanfiylik
1,3 (Poling boʻyicha)
Ionization Potential
6,2817 eV
Molyar hajm
18,4 cm3/mol
Issiqlik oʻtkazuvchanlik
0,1 W/cm·K
Oksidlanish darajasi
2, 3, 4
Applications
Californium is used as a portable neutron source for discovery of metals such as gold or silver by on-the-spot activation analysis.
Neutrons from californium are employed as a treatment of certain cervical and brain cancers where other radiation therapy is ineffective.
Neutron moisture gauges use californium-252 to find water and petroleum layers in oil wells.
Neutrons from californium are employed as a treatment of certain cervical and brain cancers where other radiation therapy is ineffective.
Neutron moisture gauges use californium-252 to find water and petroleum layers in oil wells.
Californium is harmful due to its radioactivity
Izotoplar
Barqaror izotoplar
-Beqaror izotoplar
237Cf, 238Cf, 239Cf, 240Cf, 241Cf, 242Cf, 243Cf, 244Cf, 245Cf, 246Cf, 247Cf, 248Cf, 249Cf, 250Cf, 251Cf, 252Cf, 253Cf, 254Cf, 255Cf, 256Cf