Osmiy
76
Os
Guruh
8
Davr
6
Blok
d
Protonlar
Elektronlar
Neytronlar
76
76
114
Umumiy xususiyatlar
Atom raqami
76
Atom massasi
190,23
Mass raqami
190
Turkum
Oʻtish metallar
Ranggi
Tosh-kulrang
Radioaktivlik
Yoʻq
From the Greek word osme, meaning smell
Kristall tuzilma
Oddiy olti burchakli
Tarix
Osmium was discovered in 1803 by English chemist Smithson Tennant in London.
Chemists who studied platinum dissolved it in aqua regia to create soluble salts and observed a small amount of a dark, insoluble residue.
Smithson Tennant analyzed the insoluble residue and concluded that it must contain a new metal.
Chemists who studied platinum dissolved it in aqua regia to create soluble salts and observed a small amount of a dark, insoluble residue.
Smithson Tennant analyzed the insoluble residue and concluded that it must contain a new metal.
Qobiqdagi elektronlar soni
2, 8, 18, 32, 14, 2
Elektron konfiguratsiyasi
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2
Osmium is the least abundant stable element in the Earth's crust
Jismoniy xususiyatlar
Faza
Qattiq modda
Zichlik
22,61 g/cm3
Erish harorati
3306,15 K | 3033 °C | 5491,4 °F
Qaynash harorati
5285,15 K | 5012 °C | 9053,6 °F
Eritish issiqligi
31 kJ/mol
Bugʻlanish issiqligi
630 kJ/mol
Solishtirma issiqlik sigʻimi
0,13 J/g·K
Yer po‘stidagi miqdori
1,8×10-7%
Olamdagi miqdori
3×10-7%
Rasm manbalari: Wikimedia Commons (Alchemist-hp)
Osmium crystals produced by chemical transport reaction in chlorine gas
CAS raqami
7440-04-2
PubChem CID raqami
23937
Atom xususiyatlari
Atom radiusi
135 pm
Kovalentlik radiusi
144 pm
Elektrmanfiylik
2,2 (Poling boʻyicha)
Ionlashish potensiali
8,4382 eV
Molyar hajm
8,49 cm3/mol
Issiqlik oʻtkazuvchanlik
0,876 W/cm·K
Oksidlanish darajasi
-2, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Qo‘llanilish sohalari
Osmium is used alloyed with other metals in the platinum group to produce very hard alloys.
Osmium alloys are used in the tips of fountain pens, instrument pivots, and electrical contacts
Osmium tetroxide has been used in fingerprint detection and in staining fatty tissue for optical and electron microscopy.
Osmium alloys are used in the tips of fountain pens, instrument pivots, and electrical contacts
Osmium tetroxide has been used in fingerprint detection and in staining fatty tissue for optical and electron microscopy.
Even low concentrations in air can cause lung congestion, skin damage, or eye damage
Izotoplar
Barqaror izotoplar
184Os, 187Os, 188Os, 189Os, 190Os, 192OsBeqaror izotoplar
161Os, 162Os, 163Os, 164Os, 165Os, 166Os, 167Os, 168Os, 169Os, 170Os, 171Os, 172Os, 173Os, 174Os, 175Os, 176Os, 177Os, 178Os, 179Os, 180Os, 181Os, 182Os, 183Os, 185Os, 186Os, 191Os, 193Os, 194Os, 195Os, 196Os