Gadoliniy
64
Gd
Guruh
Nomaʼlum
Davr
6
Block
f
Protonlar
Elektronlar
Neytronlar
64
64
93
General Properties
Atom raqami
64
Atom massasi
157,25
Mass Number
157
Turkum
Lantanoidlar
Ranggi
Silver
Radioaktivlik
Yoʻq
From gadolinite, a mineral named for Gadolin, a Finnish chemist
Crystal Structure
Simple Hexagonal
Tarix
Gadolinium was first detected spectroscopically in 1880 by the Swiss chemist Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac who separated its oxide.
He observed spectroscopic lines due to gadolinium in samples of gadolinite and in the separate mineral cerite.
The metal was isolated by Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran in 1886.
He observed spectroscopic lines due to gadolinium in samples of gadolinite and in the separate mineral cerite.
The metal was isolated by Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran in 1886.
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 18, 25, 9, 2
Elektron konfiguratsiyasi
[Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2
Gadolinium has the highest neutron cross-section among any stable nuclides
Physical Properties
Phase
Qattiq modda
Zichlik
7,895 g/cm3
Erish harorati
1585,15 K | 1312 °C | 2393,6 °F
Qaynash harorati
3546,15 K | 3273 °C | 5923,4 °F
Heat of Fusion
10 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization
305 kJ/mol
Solishtirma issiqlik sigʻimi
0,236 J/g·K
Abundance in Earth's crust
0,00052%
Abundance in Universe
2×10-7%
CAS Number
7440-54-2
PubChem CID Number
23982
Atomic Properties
Atom radiusi
180 pm
Kovalentlik radiusi
196 pm
Elektrmanfiylik
1,2 (Poling boʻyicha)
Ionization Potential
6,1501 eV
Molyar hajm
19,9 cm3/mol
Issiqlik oʻtkazuvchanlik
0,106 W/cm·K
Oksidlanish darajasi
1, 2, 3
Applications
Gadolinium is used to make gadolinium yttrium garnets which have microwave applications.
It is also used in intravenous radiocontrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Gadolinium compounds are used for making green phosphors for color TV tubes, and in manufacturing compact discs.
It is also used in intravenous radiocontrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Gadolinium compounds are used for making green phosphors for color TV tubes, and in manufacturing compact discs.
Gadolinium is considered to be moderately toxic
Izotoplar
Barqaror izotoplar
154Gd, 155Gd, 156Gd, 157Gd, 158Gd, 160GdBeqaror izotoplar
134Gd, 135Gd, 136Gd, 137Gd, 138Gd, 139Gd, 140Gd, 141Gd, 142Gd, 143Gd, 144Gd, 145Gd, 146Gd, 147Gd, 148Gd, 149Gd, 150Gd, 151Gd, 152Gd, 153Gd, 159Gd, 161Gd, 162Gd, 163Gd, 164Gd, 165Gd, 166Gd, 167Gd, 168Gd, 169Gd