Sirkoniy
40
Zr
Guruh
4
Davr
5
Block
d
Protonlar
Elektronlar
Neytronlar
40
40
51
General Properties
Atom raqami
40
Atom massasi
91,224
Mass Number
91
Turkum
Oʻtish metallar
Ranggi
Silver
Radioaktivlik
Yoʻq
From the Persian zargun, gold like
Crystal Structure
Simple Hexagonal
Tarix
Zirconium was first recognized as an element by Martin Heinrich Klaproth in 1789, in Berlin, in a sample of zircon from Sri Lanka.
Zirconium metal was first obtained in an impure form in 1824 by Jöns Jakob Berzelius by heating a mixture of potassium and potassium zirconium fluoride in an iron tube.
Dutch scientists Anton Eduard van Arkel and Jan Hendrik de Boer discovered a method for producing high purity zirconium in 1925.
Zirconium metal was first obtained in an impure form in 1824 by Jöns Jakob Berzelius by heating a mixture of potassium and potassium zirconium fluoride in an iron tube.
Dutch scientists Anton Eduard van Arkel and Jan Hendrik de Boer discovered a method for producing high purity zirconium in 1925.
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 18, 10, 2
Elektron konfiguratsiyasi
[Kr] 4d2 5s2
The most common oxide is zirconium dioxide, also referred to as zirconia
Physical Properties
Phase
Qattiq modda
Zichlik
6,506 g/cm3
Erish harorati
2128,15 K | 1855 °C | 3371 °F
Qaynash harorati
4682,15 K | 4409 °C | 7968,2 °F
Heat of Fusion
21 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization
580 kJ/mol
Solishtirma issiqlik sigʻimi
0,278 J/g·K
Abundance in Earth's crust
0,013%
Abundance in Universe
5×10-6%
Image Credits: Wikimedia Commons (Alchemist-hp)
Two samples of crystal bar showing different surface textures as well as a highly pure zirconium cube for comparison
CAS Number
7440-67-7
PubChem CID Number
23995
Atomic Properties
Atom radiusi
160 pm
Kovalentlik radiusi
175 pm
Elektrmanfiylik
1,33 (Poling boʻyicha)
Ionization Potential
6,6339 eV
Molyar hajm
14,0 cm3/mol
Issiqlik oʻtkazuvchanlik
0,227 W/cm·K
Oksidlanish darajasi
1, 2, 3, 4
Applications
Zirconium is mainly used as a refractory and opacifier, although it is used in small amounts as an alloying agent for its strong resistance to corrosion.
Zirconium is used as to make surgical instruments and is used in steel alloys as a hardening agent.
Zirconium is also used to make superconductive magnets.
Zirconium is used as to make surgical instruments and is used in steel alloys as a hardening agent.
Zirconium is also used to make superconductive magnets.
Zirconium is considered to be non-toxic
Izotoplar
Barqaror izotoplar
90Zr, 91Zr, 92Zr, 94ZrBeqaror izotoplar
78Zr, 79Zr, 80Zr, 81Zr, 82Zr, 83Zr, 84Zr, 85Zr, 86Zr, 87Zr, 88Zr, 89Zr, 93Zr, 95Zr, 96Zr, 97Zr, 98Zr, 99Zr, 100Zr, 101Zr, 102Zr, 103Zr, 104Zr, 105Zr, 106Zr, 107Zr, 108Zr, 109Zr, 110Zr